Currently, there are several hypotheses surrounding the disappearance of Neanderthals. While they all have at least some scientific support, researchers can’t agree on which—or which combination—is most likely. In a new study, published in Scientific Reports, researchers use a mathematical model to determine if Neanderthal disappearance could be explained only by genetic dilution from mating with humans through periods of recurrent small-scale immigrations. Their results indicate it certainly was a possibility.